Computing channel state information in a 5G wireless communication system in 4G spectrum frequencies

ABSTRACT

The described technology is generally directed towards providing a more accurate channel state information (CSI) based on obtaining information at a user equipment as to whether multiple access technologies (e.g., new radio (NR) and long term evolution (LTE)) are multiplexed on the same carrier or not, e.g., whether LTE-NR coexistence is in use. If so, the user equipment removes LTE resource overhead data and NR overhead data when computing the CSI report. If not, the user equipment removes NR overhead data when computing the CSI report. Also described is generating the CSI report based on mutual information or capacity approaches.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject application is related to wireless communication systems,and, for example, to reducing the interference in multiple antennawireless communication systems by providing more accurate channel stateinformation.

BACKGROUND

For New Radio (NR, often referred to as 5G) wireless communicationsystems, the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) definesmillimeter wave frequencies. However, operation in the high frequencyspectrum can be disadvantageous, because coverage is limited with highfrequencies. However, much of the lower frequency spectrum is alreadybeing used by 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution).

Because both LTE and 5G NR uses OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing) as the waveform, one option to increase the coverage of 5Gsystems is to use the same frequency band for both LTE and 5G NR, whichis referred to as LTE-NR coexistence (LNC). A first approach to LTE-NRcoexistence in the same frequency band is to share the spectrum, whichcan be done statically or dynamically.

In a static sharing scheme, part of the LTE spectrum is migrated to NR.The advantage of this approach is this method is easy to implement, as anew dedicated spectrum is allocated for NR and a separate, standalone NRscheduler can be used. However a disadvantage to this approach is thatstatic sharing reduces the spectrum available for both LTE and NR.

In a dynamic sharing scheme, the full bandwidth is used for LTE and NR,with the spectrum for each being dynamically adapted based on trafficconditions. As a result, the peak data rate is not impacted and theoverall spectrum is efficiently used. Note that scheduling coordinationor a single scheduler needs to be used for LTE-NR coexistence tocorrectly operate in a dynamic sharing scheme.

With dynamic LTE and NR coexistence, the number of available resourcesfor NR thus depends on the scheduling of LTE user equipments; that is,the number of resource elements changes based on whether the networkuses the resources for LTE cell-specific reference signal (CRS)transmission or not. Because of the adaptive number of resourceelements, a user equipment has to compute the channel state information(CSI) and report this information to the network. However because theuser equipment does not know the allocated LTE resources and thescheduled number of resource blocks in advance, the CSI computed by theuser equipment is not accurate when dynamic LTE-NR coexistence is inuse.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technology described herein is illustrated by way of example and notlimited in the accompanying figures in which like reference numeralsindicate similar elements and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system in which anetwork node device (e.g., network node) and user equipment (UE) canimplement various aspects and implementations of the subject disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram representing example operations that a networkdevice can take to configure a user equipment, including in a way thatindicates that resources are being used for LTE communications, inaccordance with various aspects and implementations of the subjectdisclosure.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram representing example operations that a userequipment can perform to determine how to compute a channel stateinformation for reporting to a network device, in accordance withvarious aspects and implementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 4 is a block diagram representing example components of a userequipment with respect to computing more accurate channel stateinformation for reporting to a network device, in accordance withvarious aspects and implementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram representing example operations that a userequipment can perform in computing channel state information forreporting to a network device, in accordance with various aspects andimplementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram representing example operations that a userequipment can perform in computing channel state information usingmutual information or a capacity approach, in accordance with variousaspects and implementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram representing example operations of a userequipment when the user equipment determines that long term evolution(LTE) communications are occurring in a cell in which the user equipmentis operating with new radio communications and channel state informationreporting is performed, in accordance with various aspects andimplementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram representing example operations of a userequipment to determine whether NR-LTE coexistence is active in a cell inwhich the user equipment is operating and channel state informationreporting is performed, in accordance with various aspects andimplementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram representing example operations of a userequipment to report channel state information based on whether the userequipment determines that long term evolution (LTE) communication isoccurring in a cell in which the user equipment is operating with newradio communications, in accordance with various aspects andimplementations of the subject disclosure

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobilehandset operable to engage in a system architecture that facilitateswireless communications according to one or more embodiments describedherein.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computeroperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates wirelesscommunications according to one or more embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more aspects of the technology described herein are generallydirected towards obtaining information at a user equipment as to whethermultiple access technologies (e.g., new radio (NR) and long termevolution (LTE)) are multiplexed on the same carrier or not. Theinformation may be obtained in various ways, such as autonomously orwith network assistance.

In general as described herein, a user equipment, which is communicatingin new radio communications with a network device, adapts the channelstate information (CSI) reference resource (comprising rank indicator,precoder matrix indicator, and channel quality indicator) for reportingto the network based on whether the information indicates that LTEcommunications are also taking place. If only new radio communicationsare in use, new radio CSI computations are made, e.g., in a conventionalmanner by removing the NR overhead from the CSI computation data. Ifboth new radio communications LTE communications are in use, e.g.,LTE-NR coexistence is indicated, then the CSI computations are madebased on removing the NR overhead and the predicted overhead of the LTEreference signals and control channel from the CSI computation data.

As will be understood, various techniques at the UE are used todetermine whether LTE-NR coexistence is occurring in a cell. Forexample, if the network provides rate matching patterns to a userequipment that indicate LTE communications are occurring (in addition tonew radio communications), the user equipment can assume the structureof LTE reference signals and overhead in computing the CSI.

It should be understood that any of the examples and terms used hereinare non-limiting. For instance, the examples are based on New Radio (NR,sometimes referred to as 5G) communications between a user equipmentexemplified as a smartphone or the like and network device; howevervirtually any communications devices may benefit from the technologydescribed herein, and/or their use in different spectrums may likewisebenefit. Thus, any of the embodiments, aspects, concepts, structures,functionalities or examples described herein are non-limiting, and thetechnology may be used in various ways that provide benefits andadvantages in radio communications in general.

One or more embodiments are now described with reference to thedrawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to likeelements throughout. In the following description, for purposes ofexplanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to providea thorough understanding of the various embodiments. It is evident,however, that the various embodiments can be practiced without thesespecific details (and without applying to any particular networkedenvironment or standard).

As used in this disclosure, in some embodiments, the terms “component,”“system” and the like are intended to refer to, or comprise, acomputer-related entity or an entity related to an operational apparatuswith one or more specific functionalities, wherein the entity can beeither hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, orsoftware in execution. As an example, a component may be, but is notlimited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, anobject, an executable, a thread of execution, computer-executableinstructions, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration andnot limitation, both an application running on a server and the servercan be a component.

One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component may be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components may communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software application orfirmware application executed by a processor, wherein the processor canbe internal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part ofthe software or firmware application. As yet another example, acomponent can be an apparatus that provides specific functionalitythrough electronic components without mechanical parts, the electroniccomponents can comprise a processor therein to execute software orfirmware that confers at least in part the functionality of theelectronic components. While various components have been illustrated asseparate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components canbe implemented as a single component, or a single component can beimplemented as multiple components, without departing from exampleembodiments.

Further, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method,apparatus or article of manufacture using standard programming and/orengineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware or anycombination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosedsubject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein isintended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable (or machine-readable) device or computer-readable (ormachine-readable) storage/communications media. For example, computerreadable storage media can comprise, but are not limited to, magneticstorage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips), opticaldisks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)), smartcards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive). Ofcourse, those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications canbe made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spiritof the various embodiments.

Moreover, terms such as “mobile device equipment,” “mobile station,”“mobile,” subscriber station,” “access terminal,” “terminal,” “handset,”“communication device,” “mobile device” (and/or terms representingsimilar terminology) can refer to a wireless device utilized by asubscriber or mobile device of a wireless communication service toreceive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming orsubstantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoing termsare utilized interchangeably herein and with reference to the relateddrawings. Likewise, the terms “access point (AP),” “Base Station (BS),”BS transceiver, BS device, cell site, cell site device, “gNode B (gNB),”“evolved Node B (eNode B),” “home Node B (HNB)” and the like, areutilized interchangeably in the application, and refer to a wirelessnetwork component or appliance that transmits and/or receives data,control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream orsignaling-stream from one or more subscriber stations. Data andsignaling streams can be packetized or frame-based flows.

Furthermore, the terms “device,” “communication device,” “mobiledevice,” “subscriber,” “customer entity,” “consumer,” “customer entity,”“entity” and the like are employed interchangeably throughout, unlesscontext warrants particular distinctions among the terms. It should beappreciated that such terms can refer to human entities or automatedcomponents supported through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacityto make inference based on complex mathematical formalisms), which canprovide simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Embodiments described herein can be exploited in substantially anywireless communication technology, comprising, but not limited to,wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), global system for mobile communications(GSM), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), worldwideinteroperability for microwave access (WiMAX), enhanced general packetradio service (enhanced GPRS), third generation partnership project(3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), third generation partnership project 2(3GPP2) ultra mobile broadband (UMB), high speed packet access (HSPA),Z-Wave, Zigbee and other 802.XX wireless technologies and/or legacytelecommunication technologies.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system 100 inaccordance with various aspects and embodiments of the subjectdisclosure. In one or more embodiments, the system 100 can comprise oneor more user equipment (UEs) 102(1)-102(n), which can have one or moreantenna panels having vertical and horizontal elements. A user equipmentsuch as the UE 102(1) can be a mobile device such as a cellular phone, asmartphone, a tablet computer, a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR)device, a heads-up display (HUD) device, a smart car, a machine-typecommunication (MTC) device, and the like. UE 102 can also refer to anytype of wireless device that communicates with a radio network node in acellular or mobile communication system. Examples of a user equipmentsuch as the UE 102(1) can be target device, device to device (D2D) UE,machine type UE or UE capable of machine to machine (M2M) communication,PDA, Tablet, mobile terminals, smart phone, laptop embedded equipped(LEE), laptop mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles etc. A user equipmentcan also comprise IoT (“internet of things”) devices that communicatewirelessly. In various embodiments, system 100 is or comprises awireless communication network serviced by one or more wirelesscommunication network providers. In example embodiments such as in FIG.1, a UE can be communicatively coupled via a network node device 104 awireless communication network (e.g., communication service providernetwork(s) 106).

The non-limiting term network node (or radio network node) is usedherein to refer to any type of network node such as the network device104 and/or connected to other network node, network element, or anothernetwork node from which the a user equipment such as the UE 102(1) canreceive a radio signal. Network nodes can also have multiple antennasfor performing various transmission operations (e.g., MIMO operations).A network node can have a cabinet and other protected enclosures, anantenna mast, and actual antennas. Network nodes can serve severalcells, also called sectors, depending on the configuration and type ofantenna. Examples of network nodes (e.g., network device 104) cancomprise but are not limited to: NodeB devices, base station (BS)devices, access point (AP) devices, and radio access network (RAN)devices. The network device 104 can also comprise multi-standard radio(MSR) radio node devices, including but not limited to: an MSR BS, aneNode B, a network controller, a radio network controller (RNC), a basestation controller (BSC), a relay, a donor node controlling relay, abase transceiver station (BTS), a transmission point, a transmissionnode, an RRU, an RRH, nodes in distributed antenna system (DAS), and thelike. In 5G terminology, the node 106 can be referred to as a gNodeBdevice.

Wireless communication system 100 can employ various cellulartechnologies and modulation schemes to facilitate wireless radiocommunications between devices (e.g., the UEs 102(1)-102(n) and thenetwork device 104). For example, system 100 can operate in accordancewith a UMTS, long term evolution (LTE), high speed packet access (HSPA),code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access(TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), multi-carrier codedivision multiple access (MC-CDMA), single-carrier code divisionmultiple access (SC-CDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), OFDM,(DFT)-spread OFDM or SC-FDMA)), FBMC, ZT DFT-s-OFDM, GFDM, UFMC, UWDFT-Spread-OFDM, UW-OFDM, CP-OFDM, resource-block-filtered OFDM, andUFMC. However, various features and functionalities of system 100 areparticularly described wherein the devices (e.g., the UEs 102(1)-102(n)and the network device 104) of system 100 are configured to communicatewireless signals using one or more multi carrier modulation schemes,wherein data symbols can be transmitted simultaneously over multiplefrequency subcarriers (e.g., OFDM, CP-OFDM, DFT-spread OFMD, UFMC, FMBC,etc.).

In various embodiments, system 100 can be configured to provide andemploy 5G wireless networking features and functionalities. 5G wirelesscommunication networks are expected to fulfill the demand ofexponentially increasing data traffic and to allow people and machinesto enjoy gigabit data rates with virtually zero latency. Compared to 4G,5G supports more diverse traffic scenarios. For example, in addition tothe various types of data communication between conventional UEs (e.g.,phones, smartphones, tablets, PCs, televisions, Internet enabledtelevisions, etc.) supported by 4G networks, 5G networks can be employedto support data communication between smart cars in association withdriverless car environments, as well as machine type communications(MTCs).

In FIG. 1, as described herein, a user equipment (e.g., 102(1)) isconfigured to receive prediction data such as reference signals andother data 110, and use those to estimate the precoder matrix indicatorand rank indication (PMI and RI) via a PMI and RI estimation process,and used to determine a channel quality indicator (CQI) as describedherein. A codebook may be searched for some of the information (notethat PMI can be defined as an index within the codebook, or the PMI canbe defined as a precoder itself, depending on the context). Once the PMIand RI are estimated, these data are returned as part of a channel stateinformation (CSI) report 112 to the network device 104. Described hereinis how the user equipment estimates a suitable CSI, e.g., CQI/PMI/RI,based on whether the network device is operating with only in NR/5Gcommunications, or is operating with LTE-NR coexistence communications.

A first aspect is for a user equipment, which is operating with newradio communications in a cell, to determine (e.g., predict) whether LTEcommunications are also occurring in the cell. Various ways to obtainrelevant LTE-related information are described herein. By way ofexample, in FIG. 2, consider that at operation 202, the network deviceconfigures the user equipment with rate matching patterns for LTEresources, thereby indicating that certain resources are used for LTE.As represented by operation 204, the network device further configuresand transmits reference signals corresponding to NR for computing theCSI and reporting the CSI. In this example, the user equipment candetermine, based on the indication that certain resources are being usedfor LTE, that the network device is operating with LTE-NR coexistence.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram representing operations of a user equipmentthat is to transmit a CSI report to a network device. At operation 302,the user equipment obtains the prediction information (or otherinformation) that is used to determine to determine whether the networkis using LTE in addition to NR communications. If, as evaluated atoperation 304 the user equipment determines that LTE communications arenot present, then conventional CSI computations can be used; operation306 obtains the overhead of the NR signals, (note that the userequipment can automatically obtain information about the NR overheadfrom the configured parameters). Operation 308 then computes the CSIreference resources by removing the overhead of the NR signals, andoperation 314 transmits a corresponding CSI report to the networkdevice.

If instead, as evaluated at operation 304 the user equipment determinesthat LTE communications are present, then operation 310 of the userequipment predicts the overhead due to the LTE signals in the OFDMtime-frequency grid, and uses only the remaining resources for computingthe CSI. For example, if the first two OFDM symbols are used for PDCCHtransmission for LTE and the network uses four CRS (cell specificreference signals) for LTE reference signals transmission, then the UEremoves these resources when computing the CSI reference resources atoperation 312. Note that operations 310 and 312 also remove the overheaddue to NR. Operation 314 thereafter transmits a corresponding CSI reportto the network device.

Thus, the user equipment needs to obtain information regarding whetherLTE-NR coexistence is in use, and if so, obtain information about theLTE overhead to remove. The following summarizes various schemes relatedto these aspects; note that the network can provide explicit informationinstead of or in addition to the following schemes.

One type of scheme is based on network assistance. For example, asdescribed in the example of FIG. 2, the network can configure the UEwith rate matching patterns for avoiding interference between the LTEand NR for the traffic channel. Further, the control regionconfiguration for system information, RACH, paging and other non-UEspecific signaling provided in broadcast channel messages (e.g. MIB andSIB) can indicate whether LTE transmissions may be present on thecarrier, for example based on the PDCCH and DMRS starting symbollocation. In this way, an NR user equipment can obtain information aboutLTE signals and associated overhead.

In another type of scheme, a user equipment makes an autonomousdecision. More particularly, the user equipment derives the LTE overheadbased on the configured LTE parameters. For example the user equipmentcan obtain information about the LTE control channel overhead based onthe PCFICH signals and reference signals.

By way of example, as depicted in FIG. 4, consider that an LTE component404 of a user equipment 402 attempts to decode (block 406) a networkcommunication 408 that may contain LTE-related data 410. Based on thedata 410, if the LTE component 404 decides that LTE is in use, the LTEcomponent 404 can provide an indication to a new radio component 412 ofthe user equipment 402. Any information regarding or otherwise relatedto the LTE overhead can be provided to the new radio component 412. Thenew radio component 412, for example, includes the logic of FIG. 3 thatdecides whether LTE overhead also needs to be removed, and can thusgenerate and report the CSI (block 414) and send the CSI report 416 tothe network device based on any indication from the LTE component. Notethat it is feasible for the new radio component 412 to request suchinformation from the LTE component and thereby initiate a response.

In another alternative type of scheme, a user equipment makes aper-band/carrier determination. For example, the user equipment may makethe determination depending on which band(s) the user equipment isoperating and monitoring NR control and data signals. As a moreparticular example, certain bands identified by their Absolute RadioFrequency Channel Number (ARFCN) are defined to support LTE-NRcoexistence. Alternatively, the detected subcarrier spacing (SCS) of thesynchronization signal block (SSB), 15 kHz versus 30 kHz, andtime-domain mapping pattern (e.g. symbol offset relative to a frameboundary) may indicate whether or not LTE-NR is deployed on a givenband/carrier.

Turning to aspects related to the CSI report, the following table, TABLE1, represents an example CSI report:

PMI-FormatIndicator = PMI-FormatIndicator = subbandPMI or widebandPMIand CQI- CQI-FormatIndicator = subbandCQI FormatIndicator = CSI Part IIwidebandCQI CSI Part I wideband Sideband CRI CRI Wideband CQI Subbandfor the second differential TB CQI for the second TB of all evensubbands Rank Indicator Rank PMI wideband PMI Indicator (X1 and X2)subband information fields X₂ of all even subbands Layer Indicator Layer— Subband Indicator differential CQI for the second TB of all oddsubbands PMI wideband Wideband — PMI (X1 and X2) CQI subband informationfields X₂ of all odd subbands Subband — — Wideband CQI differential CQIfor the first TB

Once the UE estimates the reference resources for obtaining the CSI, theUE uses any suitable technique choose the CSI. Note that as an exampletwo techniques for obtaining CSI, namely using mutual information orusing a capacity approach are described herein; in general it is up tothe UE as to which technique to choose.

As described herein, in NR, the user equipment needs to estimate asuitable CSI, including CQI/PMI/RI, in order to maximize the throughputwhile simultaneously maintaining the block-error-rate (BLER) constraint,which can be mathematically described by a joint (integer) optimizationproblem,

$\begin{matrix}{{\begin{matrix}\max \\{{CQI},{PMI},{RI}}\end{matrix}{Throughput}\mspace{14mu}\left( {{CQI},{PMI},{RI}} \right)}{{{subject}\mspace{14mu}{to}\mspace{14mu}{BLER}} \leq {Threshold}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

This joint (discrete/integer) optimization problem does not have anyclosed-form solution. Hence, one technique tries to estimate a suitablePMI/RI (independent of CQI); thereafter, a suitable CQI is estimatedaccordingly for the chosen PMI (and RI).

By way of example, consider a single-cell scenario having perfect timeand synchronization, a received system model for (closed-loop) SM persub-carrier (post-FFT) can be shown as,Y=HWX+N  (2)where, Y∈X^(N) ^(r) ^(×1) corresponds to a received signal vector, andH∈X^(N) ^(r) ^(×N) ^(t) describes an overall channel matrix. A complexzero-mean Gaussian noise vector n∈C^(N) ^(r) ^(×1) has covariance R_(n).An unknown complex data/symbol vector is denoted by x∈A^(N) ^(L) ^(×1)(having normalized power E{xx^(H)}=R_(x)=I) corresponding to M-QAM(e.g., 64-QAM) constellation A. A (complex) precoder W_(PMI)∈Π^(N) ^(r)^(×N) ^(L) is selected from a given/known codebook Π having N_(Π) numberof precoders (where, PMI={0, 1, . . . N_(Π)−1}) for a givenrank≤min{N_(r),N_(t)}.

The post-processing SINR per i^(th) spatial layer for a given PMI,assuming linear-MMSE detector employed at the receiver, reads

$\begin{matrix}{{{SINR}_{i} = {\frac{1}{\left\lbrack {{W_{PMI}^{H}H^{H}R_{n}^{- 1}{HW}_{PMI}} + I_{N_{L}}} \right\rbrack_{i,i}} - 1}},} & (3)\end{matrix}$where [A]_(i,i) corresponds to an i^(th) diagonal element of a matrix A.

In order to estimate a suitable PMI/RI, a link-quality metric (LQM),e.g., mean mutual information, denoted as mMI (per sub-band/wide-band)is computed, as given below,

$\begin{matrix}{{{mMI}\left( {{PMI},{RI}} \right)} = {\left( \frac{1}{K \cdot {rank}} \right){\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{K}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{{RI} = {rank}}{I\left( {{SINR}_{i}\lbrack k\rbrack} \right)}}}}} & (4)\end{matrix}$where, I (SINR_(i)[k]) is a mutual information that is a function ofpost-processing SINR_(i)[k] (and modulation alphabet A) as given inTable 6 for i^(th) spatial layer and k^(th) resource-element. The numberof resource-elements employed for the computation of the aforementionedLQM is given by a parameter K (depending on the wide-band/sub-band PMIestimate).

TABLE 2 Mutual information for 4-QAM, 16-QAM and 64-QAM. ModulationMutual Information per symbol Alphabet A 4-QAM I (SINR_(i)) = J ({squareroot over (4 SINR_(i))}) 16-QAM I (SINR_(i)) ≈ (½)J(0.8818 {square rootover (SINR_(i))}) + (¼)J(1.6764{square root over (SINR_(i))})+(¼)J(0.9316{square root over (SINR_(i))}) 64-QAM I (SINR_(i)) ≈(⅓)J(1.1233 {square root over (SINR_(i))}) + (⅓)J(0.4381{square rootover (SINR_(i))})+ (⅓)J(0.4765{square root over (SINR_(i))})${J(a)} \approx \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{- {{0.0}4210610a^{3}}} + {{0.2}09252a^{2}} -} & {0 < a < 1.6363} \\{{0.00640081\; a},} & \; \\{1 - {\exp\left( {{{0.0}0181491\; a^{3}} - {{0.1}42675\; a^{2}} -} \right.}} & {1.6363 < a < \infty} \\{\left. {{0.08220540\; a} + {0.0549608}} \right),} & \;\end{matrix}.} \right.$

After having the estimate of mMI (per sub-band/wide-band), the PMI andRI can be jointly estimated, employing unconstrained optimization, whichcan be given as

$\begin{matrix}\max \\{{PMI},{Ri}}\end{matrix}{{{mMI}\left( {{PMI},{RI}} \right)}.}$

Note that conventionally, an exhaustive search of the PMI and RI arecomputed based on the mutual information approach. Note that the CQI iscomputed afterwards with the chosen PMI/RI.

Instead of finding mutual information, in an alternative approach, thecapacity is calculated as shown below in equation (4):

$\begin{matrix}{{{capacity}\left( {{PMI},{RI}} \right)} = {\left( \frac{1}{K \cdot {rank}} \right){\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{K}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{{RI} = {rank}}{\log_{2}\left( {1 + {{SINR}_{i}\lbrack k\rbrack}} \right)}}}}} & (4)\end{matrix}$

FIG. 5 summarizes example operations of a user equipment to report theCSI when LTE is detected, that is, LTE-NR coexistence is in use.Operation 502 computes the number of resources in time and frequencybased on the predicted overhead of the LTE reference signals and controlchannel. Operation 504 computes a link quality metric for each rank, asdescribed herein. Operation 506 chooses the rank and Precoding MatrixIndicator, CQI that gives the best capacity/mutual information.Operation 508 reports the CSI to the network node.

FIG. 6 summarizes a process for finding the rank indicator/precodingmatrix indicator, and thereby computing the channel quality indicator,which applies to the mutual information and capacity based approaches.Operation 602 represents the user equipment estimating the channel viareference signals/data. Operation 604 computes the post-processing SINRfor each entity in the precoding codebook.

Operation 606 computes the link quality metrics for either capacity ormutual-information of each entity, as described above. Operation 608finds the precoding control index and the corresponding rank indicatorthat maximizes the link quality metric. Operation 610 computes theprecoding matrix indicator based on the rank indicator chosen atoperation 608. Operation 612 computes the channel quality indicatorbased on the precoding matrix indicator and the rank indicator.

One or more aspects, such as those implemented in example operations ofa method, are shown in FIG. 7 in accordance with various aspects andembodiments of the subject disclosure. Operation 702 representsobtaining, by a user equipment comprising a processor, information thatindicates that a wireless network is using long term evolutioncommunications in a cell in which the user equipment is operating withnew radio communications;

Operation 704 represents, in response to the obtaining the informationthat indicates that the wireless network is using long term evolutioncommunications, obtaining (operation 706) long term evolution resourceoverhead data corresponding to long term evolution signals, comprisingpredicting the long term evolution resource overhead data resulting fromlong term evolution signals in an orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing time-frequency grid, obtaining (operation 708) new radioresource overhead data corresponding to new radio signals based onnetwork-configured new radio parameter data, and determining (operation710) channel state information reference resources based on removing thelong term evolution resource overhead data and the new radio resourceoverhead data from channel state information computation data.

Obtaining the information that indicates that the wireless network isusing long term evolution communications can comprise communicating witha network device. Obtaining the information that indicates that thewireless network is using long term evolution communications cancomprise detecting that a network device has configured the userequipment with rate matching patterns for avoidance of interferencebetween long term evolution traffic and new radio traffic.

Obtaining the information that indicates that the wireless network isusing long term evolution communications can comprise processing abroadcast channel message that indicates that long term evolutiontransmissions are likely present on a carrier according to a likelihoodcriterion. Obtaining the information that indicates that the wirelessnetwork is using long term evolution communications can comprisedetermining a physical downlink control channel starting symbollocation. Obtaining the information that indicates that the wirelessnetwork is using long term evolution communications can comprisedetermining a demodulation reference signal starting symbol location.

Obtaining the information that indicates that the wireless network isusing long term evolution communications can comprise detecting physicalcontrol format indicator channel signals corresponding to long termevolution signals at a long term evolution component of the userequipment, and based on the detecting the physical control formatindicator channel signals, communicating information from the long termevolution component to a new radio component of the user equipment thatindicates that long term evolution is in use.

Obtaining the information that indicates that the wireless network isusing long term evolution communications can comprise detectingreference signals corresponding to long term evolution signals at a longterm evolution component of the user equipment, and based on thedetecting the reference signals, communicating information from the longterm evolution component to a new radio component of the user equipmentthat indicates that long term evolution is in use.

Obtaining the information that indicates that the wireless network isusing long term evolution communications can comprise determining that afrequency band in which the user equipment is operating is a frequencyband defined to support long term evolution-new radio coexistence.Obtaining the information that indicates that the wireless network isusing long term evolution communications can comprise analyzing adetected subcarrier spacing in a synchronization signal block and atime-domain mapping pattern.

Determining the channel state information reference resources cancomprise using mutual information to compute a link-quality metric,using the link-quality metric to obtain a precoding matrix indicator anda rank indicator, and estimating a channel quality indicator based onthe precoding matrix indicator and the rank indicator. Determining thechannel state information reference resources can comprise using acapacity computation to compute a link-quality metric, using thelink-quality metric to obtain a precoding matrix indicator and a rankindicator, and estimating a channel quality indicator based on theprecoding matrix indicator and the rank indicator.

One or more example aspects are represented in FIG. 8, and cancorrespond to a user equipment device comprising a processor and amemory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by theprocessor, facilitate performance of operations and/or components.Example operations comprise operation 802, which represents obtaininginformation at a new radio component indicating whether long termevolution-new radio coexistence is in use in a cell in which the radiouser equipment is operating. Operation 804 represents determining, basedon the information, whether long term evolution-new radio coexistence isin use. Operation 806 represents, in response to determining that longterm evolution-new radio coexistence is in use, obtaining (operation808) first overhead data corresponding to long term evolution signalsand new radio signals, and determining (operation 810) channel stateinformation reference resources based on removing the first overheaddata of the long term evolution signals and new radio signals fromchannel state information computation data. Operation 812 represents, inresponse to determining that long term evolution-new radio coexistenceis not in use, obtaining (operation 814) second overhead data of newradio signals, and determining (operation 816) channel state informationreference resources by removing the second overhead data of the newradio signals from channel state information computation data.

Obtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolution-newradio coexistence is in use can comprise at least one of: communicatingwith a network device, processing a broadcast channel message thatindicates whether long term evolution transmissions are present on acarrier, determining a physical downlink control channel starting symbollocation, or determining a demodulation reference signal starting symbollocation.

Obtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolution-newradio coexistence is in use can comprise detecting that a network devicehas configured the user equipment with a rate matching pattern to avoidinterference between long term evolution traffic and new radio traffic.

Obtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolution-newradio coexistence is in use can comprise deriving long term evolutionoverhead data based on configured long term evolution parameters.

Obtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolution-newradio coexistence is in use can comprise at least one of: determiningthat a frequency band in which the user equipment is operating is afrequency band defined to support long term evolution-new radiocoexistence, or analyzing a detected subcarrier spacing in asynchronization signal block and a time-domain mapping pattern.

One or more aspects, such as implemented in a machine-readable storagemedium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by aprocessor, facilitate performance of operations, are represented in FIG.9. Example operations comprise operation 902, which represents obtaininginformation at a new radio component indicating whether long termevolution communication is in use in a cell in which the radio userequipment is operating with new radio communications. Operation 904represents deciding, based on the information, whether long termevolution communication is in use. Operation 906 represents, in responseto deciding that long term evolution communication is in use, obtaininglong term evolution resource overhead data corresponding to long termevolution signals, comprising predicting the long term evolutionresource overhead data resulting from long term evolution signals in theorthogonal frequency division multiplexing time-frequency grid,obtaining new radio resource overhead data corresponding to new radiosignals based on network-configured new radio parameter data, andcomputing channel state information reference resources based onremoving the long term evolution resource overhead data and the newradio resource overhead data from channel state information computationdata. Operation 908 represents, in response to deciding that long termevolution communication is not in use, obtaining new radio resourceoverhead data corresponding to new radio signals based onnetwork-configured new radio parameter data and computing channel stateinformation reference resources based on removing the new radio resourceoverhead data from channel state information computation data. Operation910 represents transmitting a channel state information report based onthe computing the channel state information reference resources to anetwork device corresponding to the cell.

Obtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolutioncommunication is in use can comprise detecting that a network device hasconfigured the user equipment with a rate matching pattern for avoidinginterference between long term evolution traffic and new radio traffic.Obtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolutioncommunication is in use can comprise deriving long term evolutionoverhead data based on configured long term evolution parameters.

As can be seen, with the technology described herein for computing thechannel state information based on LTE-NR coexistence (or not), a userequipment computes more accurate channel state parameters for reportingto the network. This results in more accurate link estimation, forbetter link adaptation, which in turn increases the link and systemthroughput of the 5G system providing significant gains over the othertechniques.

Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample mobile handset 1000 operable to engage in a system architecturethat facilitates wireless communications according to one or moreembodiments described herein. Although a mobile handset is illustratedherein, it will be understood that other devices can be a mobile device,and that the mobile handset is merely illustrated to provide context forthe embodiments of the various embodiments described herein. Thefollowing discussion is intended to provide a brief, general descriptionof an example of a suitable environment in which the various embodimentscan be implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation alsocan be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, solid statedrive (SSD) or other solid-state storage technology, Compact Disk ReadOnly Memory (CD ROM), digital video disk (DVD), Blu-ray disk, or otheroptical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which canbe used to store the desired information and which can be accessed bythe computer. In this regard, the terms “tangible” or “non-transitory”herein as applied to storage, memory or computer-readable media, are tobe understood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se asmodifiers and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage, memoryor computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitorysignals per se.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includesany information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media

The handset includes a processor 1002 for controlling and processing allonboard operations and functions. A memory 1004 interfaces to theprocessor 1002 for storage of data and one or more applications 1006(e.g., a video player software, user feedback component software, etc.).Other applications can include voice recognition of predetermined voicecommands that facilitate initiation of the user feedback signals. Theapplications 1006 can be stored in the memory 1004 and/or in a firmware1008, and executed by the processor 1002 from either or both the memory1004 or/and the firmware 1008. The firmware 1008 can also store startupcode for execution in initializing the handset 1000. A communicationscomponent 1010 interfaces to the processor 1002 to facilitatewired/wireless communication with external systems, e.g., cellularnetworks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the communications component1010 can also include a suitable cellular transceiver 1011 (e.g., a GSMtransceiver) and/or an unlicensed transceiver 1013 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax)for corresponding signal communications. The handset 1000 can be adevice such as a cellular telephone, a PDA with mobile communicationscapabilities, and messaging-centric devices. The communicationscomponent 1010 also facilitates communications reception fromterrestrial radio networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radionetworks, and Internet-based radio services networks

The handset 1000 includes a display 1012 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 1012 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 1012 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface1014 is provided in communication with the processor 1002 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1094) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating andtroubleshooting the handset 1000, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 1016, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 1016 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 1000 can include a slot interface 1018 for accommodating aSIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a cardSubscriber Identity Module (SIM) or universal SIM 1020, and interfacingthe SIM card 1020 with the processor 1002. However, it is to beappreciated that the SIM card 1020 can be manufactured into the handset1000, and updated by downloading data and software.

The handset 1000 can process IP data traffic through the communicationscomponent 1010 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 1000 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or a decoded format.

A video processing component 1022 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 1022can aid in facilitating the generation, editing, and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 1000 also includes a power source 1024 in the formof batteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 1024 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 1026.

The handset 1000 can also include a video component 1030 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 1030 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 1032 facilitates geographically locating the handset 1000. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 1034facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 1034 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 1034 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 1006, a hysteresis component 1036facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 1038 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 1036 when the Wi-Fi transceiver1013 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 1040 enablesthe handset 1000 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriberwith the SIP registrar server. The applications 1006 can also include aclient 1042 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play andstore of multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 1000, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 1010, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 1013 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset 1000. The handset 1000 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

Referring now to FIG. 11, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample computer 1100 operable to engage in a system architecture thatfacilitates wireless communications according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. The computer 1100 can provide networking andcommunication capabilities between a wired or wireless communicationnetwork and a server (e.g., Microsoft server) and/or communicationdevice. In order to provide additional context for various aspectsthereof, FIG. 11 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment in whichthe various aspects of the innovation can be implemented to facilitatethe establishment of a transaction between an entity and a third party.While the description above is in the general context ofcomputer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers,those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can beimplemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the inventive methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated aspects of the innovation can also be practiced indistributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed byremote processing devices that are linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can belocated in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. Computer-readablestorage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computingdevices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrievalprotocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the informationstored by the medium.

Communications media can embody computer-readable instructions, datastructures, program modules, or other structured or unstructured data ina data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave orother transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery ortransport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way ofexample, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

The techniques described herein can be applied to any device or set ofdevices (machines) capable of running programs and processes. It can beunderstood, therefore, that servers including physical and/or virtualmachines, personal computers, laptops, handheld, portable and othercomputing devices and computing objects of all kinds including cellphones, tablet/slate computers, gaming/entertainment consoles and thelike are contemplated for use in connection with various implementationsincluding those exemplified herein. Accordingly, the general purposecomputing mechanism described below with reference to FIG. 11 is but oneexample of a computing device.

In order to provide a context for the various aspects of the disclosedsubject matter, FIG. 11 and the following discussion, are intended toprovide a brief, general description of a suitable environment in whichthe various aspects of the disclosed subject matter can be implemented.While the subject matter has been described above in the general contextof computer-executable instructions of a computer program that runs on acomputer and/or computers, those skilled in the art will recognize thatthe disclosed subject matter also can be implemented in combination withother program modules. Generally, program modules include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particulartasks and/or implement particular abstract data types.

In the subject specification, terms such as “store,” “storage,” “datastore,” data storage,” “database,” and substantially any otherinformation storage component relevant to operation and functionality ofa component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a“memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciatedthat the memory components described herein can be either volatilememory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile andnonvolatile memory, by way of illustration, and not limitation, volatilememory 1120 (see below), non-volatile memory 1122 (see below), diskstorage 1124 (see below), and memory storage 1146 (see below). Further,nonvolatile memory can be included in read only memory (ROM),programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM),electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory caninclude random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in manyforms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronousDRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM(ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methodsherein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising,these and any other suitable types of memory.

Moreover, it will be noted that the disclosed subject matter can bepracticed with other computer system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, mini-computingdevices, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-heldcomputing devices (e.g., PDA, phone, watch, tablet computers, netbookcomputers, . . . ), microprocessor-based or programmable consumer orindustrial electronics, and the like. The illustrated aspects can alsobe practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network; however, some if not all aspects of the subjectdisclosure can be practiced on stand-alone computers. In a distributedcomputing environment, program modules can be located in both local andremote memory storage devices.

FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computing system 1100 operableto execute the disclosed systems and methods in accordance with anembodiment. Computer 1112, which can be, for example, part of thehardware of system 1120, includes a processing unit 1114, a systemmemory 1116, and a system bus 1118. System bus 1118 couples systemcomponents including, but not limited to, system memory 1116 toprocessing unit 1114. Processing unit 1114 can be any of variousavailable processors. Dual microprocessors and other multiprocessorarchitectures also can be employed as processing unit 1114.

System bus 1118 can be any of several types of bus structure(s)including a memory bus or a memory controller, a peripheral bus or anexternal bus, and/or a local bus using any variety of available busarchitectures including, but not limited to, Industrial StandardArchitecture (ISA), Micro-Channel Architecture (MSA), Extended ISA(EISA), Intelligent Drive Electronics, VESA Local Bus (VLB), PeripheralComponent Interconnect (PCI), Card Bus, Universal Serial Bus (USB),Advanced Graphics Port (AGP), Personal Computer Memory CardInternational Association bus (PCMCIA), Firewire (IEEE 1194), and SmallComputer Systems Interface (SCSI).

System memory 1116 can include volatile memory 1120 and nonvolatilememory 1122. A basic input/output system (BIOS), containing routines totransfer information between elements within computer 1112, such asduring start-up, can be stored in nonvolatile memory 1122. By way ofillustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory 1122 can includeROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, or flash memory. Volatile memory 1120 includesRAM, which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and notlimitation, RAM is available in many forms such as SRAM, dynamic RAM(DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM),enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM(RDRAM), direct Rambus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus dynamic RAM(RDRAM).

Computer 1112 can also include removable/non-removable,volatile/non-volatile computer storage media. FIG. 11 illustrates, forexample, disk storage 1124. Disk storage 1124 includes, but is notlimited to, devices like a magnetic disk drive, floppy disk drive, tapedrive, flash memory card, or memory stick. In addition, disk storage1124 can include storage media separately or in combination with otherstorage media including, but not limited to, an optical disk drive suchas a compact disk ROM device (CD-ROM), CD recordable drive (CD-R Drive),CD rewritable drive (CD-RW Drive) or a digital versatile disk ROM drive(DVD-ROM). To facilitate connection of the disk storage devices 1124 tosystem bus 1118, a removable or non-removable interface is typicallyused, such as interface 1126.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory(ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM),flash memory or other memory technology, solid state drive (SSD) orother solid-state storage technology, compact disk read only memory (CDROM), digital versatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. In this regard,the terms “tangible” or “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage,memory or computer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude onlypropagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquishrights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media thatare not only propagating transitory signals per se. In an aspect,tangible media can include non-transitory media wherein the term“non-transitory” herein as may be applied to storage, memory orcomputer-readable media, is to be understood to exclude only propagatingtransitory signals per se as a modifier and does not relinquish coverageof all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media that are notonly propagating transitory signals per se. For the avoidance of doubt,the term “computer-readable storage device” is used and defined hereinto exclude transitory media. Computer-readable storage media can beaccessed by one or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., viaaccess requests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for avariety of operations with respect to the information stored by themedium.

Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructureddata in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrierwave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information deliveryor transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refersto a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changedin such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By wayof example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

It can be noted that FIG. 11 describes software that acts as anintermediary between users and computer resources described in suitableoperating environment 1100. Such software includes an operating system1128. Operating system 1128, which can be stored on disk storage 1124,acts to control and allocate resources of computer system 1112. Systemapplications 1130 take advantage of the management of resources byoperating system 1128 through program modules 1132 and program data 1134stored either in system memory 1116 or on disk storage 1124. It is to benoted that the disclosed subject matter can be implemented with variousoperating systems or combinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands or information into computer 1112 throughinput device(s) 1136. As an example, a mobile device and/or portabledevice can include a user interface embodied in a touch sensitivedisplay panel allowing a user to interact with computer 1112. Inputdevices 1136 include, but are not limited to, a pointing device such asa mouse, trackball, stylus, touch pad, keyboard, microphone, joystick,game pad, satellite dish, scanner, TV tuner card, digital camera,digital video camera, web camera, cell phone, smartphone, tabletcomputer, etc. These and other input devices connect to processing unit1114 through system bus 1118 by way of interface port(s) 1138. Interfaceport(s) 1138 include, for example, a serial port, a parallel port, agame port, a universal serial bus (USB), an infrared port, a Bluetoothport, an IP port, or a logical port associated with a wireless service,etc. Output device(s) 1140 and a move use some of the same type of portsas input device(s) 1136.

Thus, for example, a USB port can be used to provide input to computer1112 and to output information from computer 1112 to an output device1140. Output adapter 1142 is provided to illustrate that there are someoutput devices 1140 like monitors, speakers, and printers, among otheroutput devices 1140, which use special adapters. Output adapters 1142include, by way of illustration and not limitation, video and soundcards that provide means of connection between output device 1140 andsystem bus 1118. It should be noted that other devices and/or systems ofdevices provide both input and output capabilities such as remotecomputer(s) 1144.

Computer 1112 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer(s)1144. Remote computer(s) 1144 can be a personal computer, a server, arouter, a network PC, cloud storage, cloud service, a workstation, amicroprocessor based appliance, a peer device, or other common networknode and the like, and typically includes many or all of the elementsdescribed relative to computer 1112.

For purposes of brevity, only a memory storage device 1146 isillustrated with remote computer(s) 1144. Remote computer(s) 1144 islogically connected to computer 1112 through a network interface 1148and then physically connected by way of communication connection 1150.Network interface 1148 encompasses wire and/or wireless communicationnetworks such as local-area networks (LAN) and wide-area networks (WAN).LAN technologies include Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), CopperDistributed Data Interface (CDDI), Ethernet, Token Ring and the like.WAN technologies include, but are not limited to, point-to-point links,circuit-switching networks like Integrated Services Digital Networks(ISDN) and variations thereon, packet switching networks, and DigitalSubscriber Lines (DSL). As noted below, wireless technologies may beused in addition to or in place of the foregoing.

Communication connection(s) 1150 refer(s) to hardware/software employedto connect network interface 1148 to bus 1118. While communicationconnection 1150 is shown for illustrative clarity inside computer 1112,it can also be external to computer 1112. The hardware/software forconnection to network interface 1148 can include, for example, internaland external technologies such as modems, including regular telephonegrade modems, cable modems and DSL modems, ISDN adapters, and Ethernetcards.

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding Figures, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

As it employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” canrefer to substantially any computing processing unit or devicecomprising, but not limited to comprising, single-core processors;single-processors with software multithread execution capability;multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithreadexecution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithreadtechnology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributedshared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integratedcircuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digitalsignal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), aprogrammable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device(CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functionsdescribed herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures suchas, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors,switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhanceperformance of user equipment. A processor may also be implemented as acombination of computing processing units.

In the subject specification, terms such as “store,” “storage,” “datastore,” data storage,” “database,” and substantially any otherinformation storage component relevant to operation and functionality ofa component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a“memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciatedthat the memory components described herein can be either volatilememory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile andnonvolatile memory.

As used in this application, the terms “component,” “system,”“platform,” “layer,” “selector,” “interface,” and the like are intendedto refer to a computer-related entity or an entity related to anoperational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, whereinthe entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware andsoftware, software, or software in execution. As an example, a componentmay be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, aprocessor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program,and/or a computer. By way of illustration and not limitation, both anapplication running on a server and the server can be a component. Oneor more components may reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component may be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media, device readablestorage devices, or machine readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components may communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software or firmwareapplication executed by a processor, wherein the processor can beinternal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part ofthe software or firmware application. As yet another example, acomponent can be an apparatus that provides specific functionalitythrough electronic components without mechanical parts, the electroniccomponents can include a processor therein to execute software orfirmware that confers at least in part the functionality of theelectronic components.

In addition, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” ratherthan an exclusive “or.” That is, unless specified otherwise, or clearfrom context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the naturalinclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or Xemploys both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any ofthe foregoing instances. Moreover, articles “a” and “an” as used in thesubject specification and annexed drawings should generally be construedto mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from contextto be directed to a singular form.

Moreover, terms like “user equipment (UE),” “mobile station,” “mobile,”subscriber station,” “subscriber equipment,” “access terminal,”“terminal,” “handset,” and similar terminology, refer to a wirelessdevice utilized by a subscriber or user of a wireless communicationservice to receive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming,or substantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoingterms are utilized interchangeably in the subject specification andrelated drawings. Likewise, the terms “access point (AP),” “basestation,” “NodeB,” “evolved Node B (eNodeB),” “home Node B (HNB),” “homeaccess point (HAP),” “cell device,” “sector,” “cell,” and the like, areutilized interchangeably in the subject application, and refer to awireless network component or appliance that serves and receives data,control, voice, video, sound, gaming, or substantially any data-streamor signaling-stream to and from a set of subscriber stations or providerenabled devices. Data and signaling streams can include packetized orframe-based flows.

Additionally, the terms “core-network”, “core”, “core carrier network”,“carrier-side”, or similar terms can refer to components of atelecommunications network that typically provides some or all ofaggregation, authentication, call control and switching, charging,service invocation, or gateways. Aggregation can refer to the highestlevel of aggregation in a service provider network wherein the nextlevel in the hierarchy under the core nodes is the distribution networksand then the edge networks. UEs do not normally connect directly to thecore networks of a large service provider but can be routed to the coreby way of a switch or radio area network. Authentication can refer todeterminations regarding whether the user requesting a service from thetelecom network is authorized to do so within this network or not. Callcontrol and switching can refer determinations related to the futurecourse of a call stream across carrier equipment based on the callsignal processing. Charging can be related to the collation andprocessing of charging data generated by various network nodes. Twocommon types of charging mechanisms found in present day networks can beprepaid charging and postpaid charging. Service invocation can occurbased on some explicit action (e.g. call transfer) or implicitly (e.g.,call waiting). It is to be noted that service “execution” may or may notbe a core network functionality as third party network/nodes may takepart in actual service execution. A gateway can be present in the corenetwork to access other networks. Gateway functionality can be dependenton the type of the interface with another network.

Furthermore, the terms “user,” “subscriber,” “customer,” “consumer,”“prosumer,” “agent,” and the like are employed interchangeablythroughout the subject specification, unless context warrants particulardistinction(s) among the terms. It should be appreciated that such termscan refer to human entities or automated components (e.g., supportedthrough artificial intelligence, as through a capacity to makeinferences based on complex mathematical formalisms), that can providesimulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Aspects, features, or advantages of the subject matter can be exploitedin substantially any, or any, wired, broadcast, wirelesstelecommunication, radio technology or network, or combinations thereof.Non-limiting examples of such technologies or networks include Geocasttechnology; broadcast technologies (e.g., sub-Hz, ELF, VLF, LF, MF, HF,VHF, UHF, SHF, THz broadcasts, etc.); Ethernet; X.25; powerline-typenetworking (e.g., PowerLine AV Ethernet, etc.); femto-cell technology;Wi-Fi; Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX); EnhancedGeneral Packet Radio Service (Enhanced GPRS); Third GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP or 3G) Long Term Evolution (LTE); 3GPPUniversal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) or 3GPP UMTS; ThirdGeneration Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB);High Speed Packet Access (HSPA); High Speed Downlink Packet Access(HSDPA); High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA); GSM Enhanced DataRates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) Radio Access Network (RAN) or GERAN; UMTSTerrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN); or LTE Advanced.

What has been described above includes examples of systems and methodsillustrative of the disclosed subject matter. It is, of course, notpossible to describe every combination of components or methods herein.One of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many furthercombinations and permutations of the disclosure are possible.Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,”“possesses,” and the like are used in the detailed description, claims,appendices and drawings such terms are intended to be inclusive in amanner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpretedwhen employed as a transitional word in a claim.

While the various embodiments are susceptible to various modificationsand alternative constructions, certain illustrated implementationsthereof are shown in the drawings and have been described above indetail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intention tolimit the various embodiments to the specific forms disclosed, but onthe contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, alternativeconstructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope ofthe various embodiments.

In addition to the various implementations described herein, it is to beunderstood that other similar implementations can be used ormodifications and additions can be made to the describedimplementation(s) for performing the same or equivalent function of thecorresponding implementation(s) without deviating therefrom. Stillfurther, multiple processing chips or multiple devices can share theperformance of one or more functions described herein, and similarly,storage can be effected across a plurality of devices. Accordingly, theinvention is not to be limited to any single implementation, but ratheris to be construed in breadth, spirit and scope in accordance with theappended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: obtaining, by a userequipment comprising a processor, information that indicates thatnetwork equipment is using long term evolution communications in a cellin which the user equipment is operating with new radio communications;in response to obtaining the information that indicates that the networkequipment is using long term evolution communications, obtaining longterm evolution resource overhead data corresponding to long termevolution signals, comprising predicting the long term evolutionresource overhead data resulting from the long term evolution signals inan orthogonal frequency division multiplexing time-frequency grid;obtaining new radio resource overhead data corresponding to new radiosignals based on network-configured new radio parameter data; anddetermining channel state information reference resources based onremoving the long term evolution resource overhead data and the newradio resource overhead data from channel state information computationdata, wherein the determining comprises computing a link-quality metric,using the link-quality metric to obtain a precoding matrix indicator anda rank indicator, and estimating a channel quality indicator based onthe precoding matrix indicator and the rank indicator.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein obtaining the information that indicates that thenetwork equipment is using long term evolution communications comprisescommunicating with the network equipment.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein obtaining the information that indicates that the networkequipment is using long term evolution communications comprisesdetecting that the network equipment has configured the user equipmentwith rate matching patterns for avoidance of interference between longterm evolution traffic and new radio traffic.
 4. The method of claim 1,wherein obtaining the information that indicates that the networkequipment is using long term evolution communications comprisesprocessing a broadcast channel message that indicates that long termevolution transmissions are likely present on a carrier according to alikelihood criterion.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining theinformation that indicates that the network equipment is using long termevolution communications comprises detecting physical control formatindicator channel signals corresponding to long term evolution signalsat a long term evolution component of the user equipment, and based onthe detecting the physical control format indicator channel signals,communicating information from the long term evolution component to anew radio component of the user equipment that indicates that long termevolution is in use.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining theinformation that indicates that the network equipment is using long termevolution communications comprises detecting reference signalscorresponding to long term evolution signals at a long term evolutioncomponent of the user equipment, and based on the detecting thereference signals, communicating information from the long termevolution component to a new radio component of the user equipment thatindicates that long term evolution is in use.
 7. The method of claim 1,wherein obtaining the information that indicates that the networkequipment is using long term evolution communications comprisesdetermining that a frequency band in which the user equipment isoperating is a frequency band defined to support long term evolution-newradio coexistence.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining theinformation that indicates that the network equipment is using long termevolution communications comprises analyzing a detected subcarrierspacing in a synchronization signal block and a time-domain mappingpattern.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the analyzing comprisesdetermining that a symbol offset relative to a frame boundary as definedby a time-domain mapping pattern for the cell indicates that long termevolution-new radio coexistence is deployed for at least one frequencyband used by the cell.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein thedetermining further comprises using mutual information to compute thelink-quality metric.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the determiningfurther comprises using a capacity computation to compute thelink-quality metric.
 12. A user equipment, comprising: a processor; anda memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by theprocessor, facilitate performance of operations, the operationscomprising: obtaining information at a new radio component indicatingwhether long term evolution-new radio coexistence is in use in a cell inwhich the user equipment is operating; determining, based on theinformation, whether long term evolution-new radio coexistence is inuse; in response to determining that long term evolution-new radiocoexistence is in use, obtaining first overhead data corresponding tolong term evolution signals and new radio signals, and determiningchannel state information reference resources based on removing thefirst overhead data of the long term evolution signals and new radiosignals from channel state information computation data, wherein thedetermining comprises computing a link-quality metric, using thelink-quality metric to obtain a precoding matrix indicator and a rankindicator, and estimating a channel quality indicator based on theprecoding matrix indicator and the rank indicator; and in response todetermining that long term evolution-new radio coexistence is not inuse, obtaining second overhead data of new radio signals, anddetermining channel state information reference resources by removingthe second overhead data of the new radio signals from channel stateinformation computation data.
 13. The user equipment of claim 12,wherein obtaining the information that indicates whether long termevolution-new radio coexistence is in use comprises at least one of:communicating with network equipment, processing a broadcast channelmessage that indicates whether long term evolution transmissions arepresent on a carrier, determining a physical downlink control channelstarting symbol location, or determining a demodulation reference signalstarting symbol location.
 14. The user equipment of claim 12, whereinobtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolution-newradio coexistence is in use comprises at least one of: determining thata frequency band in which the user equipment is operating is a frequencyband defined to support long term evolution-new radio coexistence, oranalyzing a detected subcarrier spacing in a synchronization signalblock and a time-domain mapping pattern.
 15. The user equipment of claim14, wherein obtaining the information that indicates whether long termevolution-new radio coexistence is in use further comprises determiningthat a symbol offset relative to a frame boundary as defined by atime-domain mapping pattern for the cell indicates that long termevolution-new radio coexistence is deployed for at least one frequencyband used by the cell.
 16. The user equipment of claim 12, whereinobtaining the information that indicates whether long term evolution-newradio coexistence is in use comprises detecting that network equipmenthas configured the user equipment with a rate matching pattern to avoidinterference between long term evolution traffic and new radio traffic.17. The user equipment of claim 12, wherein obtaining the informationthat indicates whether long term evolution-new radio coexistence is inuse comprises deriving long term evolution overhead data based onconfigured long term evolution parameters.
 18. A non-transitorymachine-readable medium, comprising executable instructions that, whenexecuted by a processor of a radio user equipment, facilitateperformance of operations, the operations comprising: obtaininginformation at a new radio component indicating whether long termevolution communication is in use in a cell in which the radio userequipment is operating with new radio communications; deciding, based onthe information, whether long term evolution communication is in use; inresponse to deciding that long term evolution communication is in use,obtaining long term evolution resource overhead data corresponding tolong term evolution signals, comprising predicting the long termevolution resource overhead data resulting from long term evolutionsignals in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing time-frequencygrid, obtaining new radio resource overhead data corresponding to newradio signals based on network-configured new radio parameter data, andcomputing channel state information reference resources based onremoving the long term evolution resource overhead data and the newradio resource overhead data from channel state information computationdata at least in part by computing a link-quality metric, using thelink-quality metric to obtain a precoding matrix indicator and a rankindicator, and estimating a channel quality indicator based on theprecoding matrix indicator and the rank indicator; in response todeciding that long term evolution communication is not in use, obtainingnew radio resource overhead data corresponding to new radio signalsbased on network-configured new radio parameter data and computingchannel state information reference resources based on removing the newradio resource overhead data from channel state information computationdata; and transmitting a channel state information report based on thecomputing the channel state information reference resources to networkequipment corresponding to the cell.
 19. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 18, wherein obtaining the informationthat indicates whether long term evolution communication is in usecomprises detecting that the network equipment has configured the userequipment with a rate matching pattern for avoiding interference betweenlong term evolution traffic and new radio traffic.
 20. Thenon-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 18, wherein obtainingthe information that indicates whether long term evolution communicationis in use comprises deriving long term evolution overhead data based onconfigured long term evolution parameters.